Abstract—Thispaper describes the design ofan earthing system for aGas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) substation using. CYMGRD software.The buried earth grid design is based on the soil resistivity of the substation site and the design is verified through simulationsto make.
Intention The LPI Earthing Calculator is designed to give an indicative result to assist with the preliminary planning of an earthing installation. It calculates both the expected system resistance, and the quantity of Grip or Reslo earth enhancing compounds. All calculation use formulas taken directly from recognised IEEE and AS1768 standards. Limitations The LPI Earthing Calculator is provided as is and LPI does not warrant or accept responsibility for the results provided. Whilst the formulas used cover a range of common simple arrangements, the design of an earth system (including the input parameters) requires engineering judgement and all results should be verified by an appropriately qualified engineer taking into account such things as step and touch potential, site layout, materials, fault current, and so on. If in doubt, contact the below to make use of LPI's design service.
The most powerful and accurate suite of commercially available grounding (earthing) and electromagnetic analysis software packages on the market. A complete array of auxiliary software tools are included in the CDEGS suite to complement, support and enhance the methods used to solve various problems involving grounding, electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic fields and transient phenomena that can be tackled by CDEGS.
Description CDEGS ( Current Distribution, Electromagnetic Interference, Grounding and Soil Structure Analysis) is a powerful set of integrated software tools designed to accurately analyze a variety of electromagnetic related problems encountered in all industries involving electric networks. A variety of advanced solvers provide adapted approaches to your problems • Direct solutions of Maxwell’s equations. • Circuit-based analyses. • Finite element methods. • Inversion algorithms.
• Fast Fourier transforms and transient analysis. • Hybrid methods. • Stunning graphics. Includes all electromagnetic coupling modes • Conduction, through metallic elements, coatings and the earth itself.
• Magnetic induction. • Capacitive effects. Modeling elements • Complex soil structures such as the multi-region, horizontally layered soil with an arbitrary number of layers and resistivities and single-regions consisting of cylindrical, hemispherical, hemispheroidal, inclined, vertical and horizontal layers.
Finally, horizontal multilayer soils that can include embedded finite soil volumes with arbitrary resistivities are available to help you tackle the most challenging project. • Conductors and pipes, physical dimensions and electromagnetic properties. • Metallic Plates. • Multi-component concentric cables and cables contained in an enclosure. • Perfect “virtual” connections.
• Circuit components and Transformers. • Arbitrary sources and signals including those emitted by remote sources such as solar magnetic storms. With CDEGS, you • Avoid simplifying assumptions and model any system realistically. • Compute currents flowing in arbitrary networks of conductors, and their associated electric fields, magnetic fields and scalar potentials. • Take into account the electrical complexity of soil structures. • Accurately calculate line parameters of arbitrary 3D networks.
• Determine realistic current distributions between all metallic paths connected to electric networks subjected to various fault scenarios. • Accurately interpret soil resistivity measurements and Fall-of-Potential tests. • Calculate potential distributions, electric and magnetic fields anywhere above or below ground. • Evaluate GPR, touch and step voltages, coating stresses and leakage current densities. • Design safe grounding systems complying with and surpassing the minimal requirements from IEEE 80, IEC 61936, IEC 62305 and many other standards, including your own. • Study interactions between conductors, cables, GIS, GIL and plates.
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• Mitigate interference problems efficiently. • Protect installations, workers and the public against electromagnetic threats. • Assess environmental impacts such as radio and audio noise caused by corona effects. • Predict the performance of lightning protection systems using all known methods. • Carry out parametric analyses and estimate the effect of uncertain or missing data using powerful automation tools.